配置

配置 #

Table 和 SQL API 的默认配置能够确保结果准确，同时也提供可接受的性能。

根据 Table 程序的需求，可能需要调整特定的参数用于优化。例如，无界流程序可能需要保证所需的状态是有限的(请参阅 流式概念).

概览 #

当实例化一个 TableEnvironment 时，可以使用 EnvironmentSettings 来传递用于当前会话的所期望的配置项 —— 传递一个 Configuration 对象到 EnvironmentSettings。

此外，在每个 TableEnvironment 中，TableConfig 提供用于当前会话的配置项。

对于常见或者重要的配置项，TableConfig 提供带有详细注释的 getters 和 setters 方法。

对于更加高级的配置，用户可以直接访问底层的 key-value 配置项。以下章节列举了所有可用于调整 Flink Table 和 SQL API 程序的配置项。

注意 因为配置项会在执行操作的不同时间点被读取，所以推荐在实例化 TableEnvironment 后尽早地设置配置项。

// instantiate table environment
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
// set low-level key-value options
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true");
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s");
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000");
EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance()
        .inStreamingMode().withConfiguration(configuration).build();
TableEnvironment tEnv = TableEnvironment.create(settings);

// access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
TableConfig tableConfig = tEnv.getConfig();
// set low-level key-value options
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true");
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s");
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000");

// instantiate table environment
val configuration = new Configuration;
// set low-level key-value options
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")
val settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance
  .inStreamingMode.withConfiguration(configuration).build
val tEnv: TableEnvironment = TableEnvironment.create(settings)

// access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
val tableConfig = tEnv.getConfig()
// set low-level key-value options
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")

# instantiate table environment
configuration = Configuration()
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")
settings = EnvironmentSettings.new_instance() \
...     .in_streaming_mode() \
...     .with_configuration(configuration) \
...     .build()

t_env = TableEnvironment.create(settings)

# access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
table_config = t_env.get_config()
# set low-level key-value options
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")

Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.enabled' = 'true';
Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency' = '5s';
Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.size' = '5000';

执行配置 #

以下选项可用于优化查询执行的性能。

Key Default Type Description
table.exec.async-lookup.buffer-capacity

Batch Streaming		 100 Integer The max number of async i/o operation that the async lookup join can trigger.
table.exec.async-lookup.output-mode

Batch Streaming		 ORDERED

Enum

 Output mode for asynchronous operations which will convert to {@see AsyncDataStream.OutputMode}, ORDERED by default. If set to ALLOW_UNORDERED, will attempt to use {@see AsyncDataStream.OutputMode.UNORDERED} when it does not affect the correctness of the result, otherwise ORDERED will be still used.

Possible values:
  • "ORDERED"
  • "ALLOW_UNORDERED"
table.exec.async-lookup.timeout

Batch Streaming		 3 min Duration The async timeout for the asynchronous operation to complete.
table.exec.deduplicate.insert-update-after-sensitive-enabled

Streaming		 true Boolean Set whether the job (especially the sinks) is sensitive to INSERT messages and UPDATE_AFTER messages. If false, Flink may, sometimes (e.g. deduplication for last row), send UPDATE_AFTER instead of INSERT for the first row. If true, Flink will guarantee to send INSERT for the first row, in that case there will be additional overhead. Default is true.
table.exec.deduplicate.mini-batch.compact-changes-enabled

Streaming		 false Boolean Set whether to compact the changes sent downstream in row-time mini-batch. If true, Flink will compact changes and send only the latest change downstream. Note that if the downstream needs the details of versioned data, this optimization cannot be applied. If false, Flink will send all changes to downstream just like when the mini-batch is not enabled.
table.exec.disabled-operators

Batch		 (none) String Mainly for testing. A comma-separated list of operator names, each name represents a kind of disabled operator. Operators that can be disabled include "NestedLoopJoin", "ShuffleHashJoin", "BroadcastHashJoin", "SortMergeJoin", "HashAgg", "SortAgg". By default no operator is disabled.
table.exec.legacy-cast-behaviour

Batch Streaming		 DISABLED

Enum

 Determines whether CAST will operate following the legacy behaviour or the new one that introduces various fixes and improvements.

Possible values:
  • "ENABLED": CAST will operate following the legacy behaviour.
  • "DISABLED": CAST will operate following the new correct behaviour.
table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency

Streaming		 0 ms Duration The maximum latency can be used for MiniBatch to buffer input records. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. MiniBatch is triggered with the allowed latency interval and when the maximum number of buffered records reached. NOTE: If table.exec.mini-batch.enabled is set true, its value must be greater than zero.
table.exec.mini-batch.enabled

Streaming		 false Boolean Specifies whether to enable MiniBatch optimization. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. This is disabled by default. To enable this, users should set this config to true. NOTE: If mini-batch is enabled, 'table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency' and 'table.exec.mini-batch.size' must be set.
table.exec.mini-batch.size

Streaming		 -1 Long The maximum number of input records can be buffered for MiniBatch. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. MiniBatch is triggered with the allowed latency interval and when the maximum number of buffered records reached. NOTE: MiniBatch only works for non-windowed aggregations currently. If table.exec.mini-batch.enabled is set true, its value must be positive.
table.exec.rank.topn-cache-size

Streaming		 10000 Long Rank operators have a cache which caches partial state contents to reduce state access. Cache size is the number of records in each ranking task.
table.exec.resource.default-parallelism

Batch Streaming		 -1 Integer Sets default parallelism for all operators (such as aggregate, join, filter) to run with parallel instances. This config has a higher priority than parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment (actually, this config overrides the parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment). A value of -1 indicates that no default parallelism is set, then it will fallback to use the parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment.
table.exec.simplify-operator-name-enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will simplify the operator name with id and type of ExecNode and keep detail in description. Default value is true.
table.exec.sink.keyed-shuffle

Streaming		 AUTO

Enum

 In order to minimize the distributed disorder problem when writing data into table with primary keys that many users suffers. FLINK will auto add a keyed shuffle by default when the sink's parallelism differs from upstream operator and upstream is append only. This works only when the upstream ensures the multi-records' order on the primary key, if not, the added shuffle can not solve the problem (In this situation, a more proper way is to consider the deduplicate operation for the source firstly or use an upsert source with primary key definition which truly reflect the records evolution).
By default, the keyed shuffle will be added when the sink's parallelism differs from upstream operator. You can set to no shuffle(NONE) or force shuffle(FORCE).

Possible values:
  • "NONE"
  • "AUTO"
  • "FORCE"
table.exec.sink.not-null-enforcer

Batch Streaming		 ERROR

Enum

 Determines how Flink enforces NOT NULL column constraints when inserting null values.

Possible values:
  • "ERROR": Throw a runtime exception when writing null values into NOT NULL column.
  • "DROP": Drop records silently if a null value would have to be inserted into a NOT NULL column.
table.exec.sink.type-length-enforcer

Batch Streaming		 IGNORE

Enum

 Determines whether values for columns with CHAR(<length>)/VARCHAR(<length>)/BINARY(<length>)/VARBINARY(<length>) types will be trimmed or padded (only for CHAR(<length>)/BINARY(<length>)), so that their length will match the one defined by the length of their respective CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY column type.

Possible values:
  • "IGNORE": Don't apply any trimming and padding, and instead ignore the CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY length directive.
  • "TRIM_PAD": Trim and pad string and binary values to match the length defined by the CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY length.
table.exec.sink.upsert-materialize

Streaming		 AUTO

Enum

 Because of the disorder of ChangeLog data caused by Shuffle in distributed system, the data received by Sink may not be the order of global upsert. So add upsert materialize operator before upsert sink. It receives the upstream changelog records and generate an upsert view for the downstream.
By default, the materialize operator will be added when a distributed disorder occurs on unique keys. You can also choose no materialization(NONE) or force materialization(FORCE).

Possible values:
  • "NONE"
  • "AUTO"
  • "FORCE"
table.exec.sort.async-merge-enabled

Batch		 true Boolean Whether to asynchronously merge sorted spill files.
table.exec.sort.default-limit

Batch		 -1 Integer Default limit when user don't set a limit after order by. -1 indicates that this configuration is ignored.
table.exec.sort.max-num-file-handles

Batch		 128 Integer The maximal fan-in for external merge sort. It limits the number of file handles per operator. If it is too small, may cause intermediate merging. But if it is too large, it will cause too many files opened at the same time, consume memory and lead to random reading.
table.exec.source.cdc-events-duplicate

Streaming		 false Boolean Indicates whether the CDC (Change Data Capture) sources in the job will produce duplicate change events that requires the framework to deduplicate and get consistent result. CDC source refers to the source that produces full change events, including INSERT/UPDATE_BEFORE/UPDATE_AFTER/DELETE, for example Kafka source with Debezium format. The value of this configuration is false by default.

However, it's a common case that there are duplicate change events. Because usually the CDC tools (e.g. Debezium) work in at-least-once delivery when failover happens. Thus, in the abnormal situations Debezium may deliver duplicate change events to Kafka and Flink will get the duplicate events. This may cause Flink query to get wrong results or unexpected exceptions.

Therefore, it is recommended to turn on this configuration if your CDC tool is at-least-once delivery. Enabling this configuration requires to define PRIMARY KEY on the CDC sources. The primary key will be used to deduplicate change events and generate normalized changelog stream at the cost of an additional stateful operator.
table.exec.source.idle-timeout

Streaming		 0 ms Duration When a source do not receive any elements for the timeout time, it will be marked as temporarily idle. This allows downstream tasks to advance their watermarks without the need to wait for watermarks from this source while it is idle. Default value is 0, which means detecting source idleness is not enabled.
table.exec.spill-compression.block-size

Batch		 64 kb MemorySize The memory size used to do compress when spilling data. The larger the memory, the higher the compression ratio, but more memory resource will be consumed by the job.
table.exec.spill-compression.enabled

Batch		 true Boolean Whether to compress spilled data. Currently we only support compress spilled data for sort and hash-agg and hash-join operators.
table.exec.state.ttl

Streaming		 0 ms Duration Specifies a minimum time interval for how long idle state (i.e. state which was not updated), will be retained. State will never be cleared until it was idle for less than the minimum time, and will be cleared at some time after it was idle. Default is never clean-up the state. NOTE: Cleaning up state requires additional overhead for bookkeeping. Default value is 0, which means that it will never clean up state.
table.exec.uid.format

Streaming		 "<id>_<transformation>" String Defines the format pattern for generating the UID of an ExecNode streaming transformation. The pattern can be defined globally or per-ExecNode in the compiled plan. Supported arguments are: <id> (from static counter), <type> (e.g. 'stream-exec-sink'), <version>, and <transformation> (e.g. 'constraint-validator' for a sink). In Flink 1.15.x the pattern was wrongly defined as '<id>_<type>_<version>_<transformation>' which would prevent migrations in the future.
table.exec.uid.generation

Streaming		 PLAN_ONLY

Enum

 In order to remap state to operators during a restore, it is required that the pipeline's streaming transformations get a UID assigned.
The planner can generate and assign explicit UIDs. If no UIDs have been set by the planner, the UIDs will be auto-generated by lower layers that can take the complete topology into account for uniqueness of the IDs. See the DataStream API for more information.
This configuration option is for experts only and the default should be sufficient for most use cases. By default, only pipelines created from a persisted compiled plan will get UIDs assigned explicitly. Thus, these pipelines can be arbitrarily moved around within the same topology without affecting the stable UIDs.

Possible values:
  • "PLAN_ONLY": Sets UIDs on streaming transformations if and only if the pipeline definition comes from a compiled plan. Pipelines that have been constructed in the API without a compilation step will not set an explicit UID as it might not be stable across multiple translations.
  • "ALWAYS": Always sets UIDs on streaming transformations. This strategy is for experts only! Pipelines that have been constructed in the API without a compilation step might not be able to be restored properly. The UID generation depends on previously declared pipelines (potentially across jobs if the same JVM is used). Thus, a stable environment must be ensured. Pipeline definitions that come from a compiled plan are safe to use.
  • "DISABLED": No explicit UIDs will be set.
table.exec.window-agg.buffer-size-limit

Batch		 100000 Integer Sets the window elements buffer size limit used in group window agg operator.

优化器配置 #

以下配置可以用于调整查询优化器的行为以获得更好的执行计划。

Key Default Type Description
table.optimizer.agg-phase-strategy

Batch Streaming		 "AUTO" String Strategy for aggregate phase. Only AUTO, TWO_PHASE or ONE_PHASE can be set. AUTO: No special enforcer for aggregate stage. Whether to choose two stage aggregate or one stage aggregate depends on cost. TWO_PHASE: Enforce to use two stage aggregate which has localAggregate and globalAggregate. Note that if aggregate call does not support optimize into two phase, we will still use one stage aggregate. ONE_PHASE: Enforce to use one stage aggregate which only has CompleteGlobalAggregate.
table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.bucket-num

Streaming		 1024 Integer Configure the number of buckets when splitting distinct aggregation. The number is used in the first level aggregation to calculate a bucket key 'hash_code(distinct_key) % BUCKET_NUM' which is used as an additional group key after splitting.
table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.enabled

Streaming		 false Boolean Tells the optimizer whether to split distinct aggregation (e.g. COUNT(DISTINCT col), SUM(DISTINCT col)) into two level. The first aggregation is shuffled by an additional key which is calculated using the hashcode of distinct_key and number of buckets. This optimization is very useful when there is data skew in distinct aggregation and gives the ability to scale-up the job. Default is false.
table.optimizer.dynamic-filtering.enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will try to push dynamic filtering into scan table source, the irrelevant partitions or input data will be filtered to reduce scan I/O in runtime.
table.optimizer.join-reorder-enabled

Batch Streaming		 false Boolean Enables join reorder in optimizer. Default is disabled.
table.optimizer.join.broadcast-threshold

Batch		 1048576 Long Configures the maximum size in bytes for a table that will be broadcast to all worker nodes when performing a join. By setting this value to -1 to disable broadcasting.
table.optimizer.multiple-input-enabled

Batch		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will merge the operators with pipelined shuffling into a multiple input operator to reduce shuffling and improve performance. Default value is true.
table.optimizer.non-deterministic-update.strategy

Streaming		 IGNORE

Enum

 When it is `TRY_RESOLVE`, the optimizer tries to resolve the correctness issue caused by 'Non-Deterministic Updates' (NDU) in a changelog pipeline. Changelog may contain kinds of message types: Insert (I), Delete (D), Update_Before (UB), Update_After (UA). There's no NDU problem in an insert only changelog pipeline. For updates, there are three main NDU problems:
1. Non-deterministic functions, include scalar, table, aggregate functions, both builtin and custom ones.
2. LookupJoin on an evolving source
3. Cdc-source carries metadata fields which are system columns, not belongs to the entity data itself.

For the first step, the optimizer automatically enables the materialization for No.2(LookupJoin) if needed, and gives the detailed error message for No.1(Non-deterministic functions) and No.3(Cdc-source with metadata) which is relatively easier to solve by changing the SQL.
Default value is `IGNORE`, the optimizer does no changes.

Possible values:
  • "TRY_RESOLVE"
  • "IGNORE"
table.optimizer.reuse-source-enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will try to find out duplicated table sources and reuse them. This works only when table.optimizer.reuse-sub-plan-enabled is true.
table.optimizer.reuse-sub-plan-enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will try to find out duplicated sub-plans and reuse them.
table.optimizer.source.aggregate-pushdown-enabled

Batch		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will push down the local aggregates into the TableSource which implements SupportsAggregatePushDown.
table.optimizer.source.predicate-pushdown-enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will push down predicates into the FilterableTableSource. Default value is true.
table.optimizer.source.report-statistics-enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean When it is true, the optimizer will collect and use the statistics from source connectors if the source extends from SupportsStatisticReport and the statistics from catalog is UNKNOWN.Default value is true.

Planner 配置 #

以下配置可以用于调整 planner 的行为。

Key Default Type Description
table.builtin-catalog-name

Batch Streaming		 "default_catalog" String The name of the initial catalog to be created when instantiating a TableEnvironment.
table.builtin-database-name

Batch Streaming		 "default_database" String The name of the default database in the initial catalog to be created when instantiating TableEnvironment.
table.dml-sync

Batch Streaming		 false Boolean Specifies if the DML job (i.e. the insert operation) is executed asynchronously or synchronously. By default, the execution is async, so you can submit multiple DML jobs at the same time. If set this option to true, the insert operation will wait for the job to finish.
table.dynamic-table-options.enabled

Batch Streaming		 true Boolean Enable or disable the OPTIONS hint used to specify table options dynamically, if disabled, an exception would be thrown if any OPTIONS hint is specified
table.generated-code.max-length

Batch Streaming		 4000 Integer Specifies a threshold where generated code will be split into sub-function calls. Java has a maximum method length of 64 KB. This setting allows for finer granularity if necessary. Default value is 4000 instead of 64KB as by default JIT refuses to work on methods with more than 8K byte code.
table.local-time-zone

Batch Streaming		 "default" String The local time zone defines current session time zone id. It is used when converting to/from <code>TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE</code>. Internally, timestamps with local time zone are always represented in the UTC time zone. However, when converting to data types that don't include a time zone (e.g. TIMESTAMP, TIME, or simply STRING), the session time zone is used during conversion. The input of option is either a full name such as "America/Los_Angeles", or a custom timezone id such as "GMT-08:00".
table.plan.compile.catalog-objects

Batch Streaming		 ALL

Enum

 Strategy how to persist catalog objects such as tables, functions, or data types into a plan during compilation.

It influences the need for catalog metadata to be present during a restore operation and affects the plan size.

This configuration option does not affect anonymous/inline or temporary objects. Anonymous/inline objects will be persisted entirely (including schema and options) if possible or fail the compilation otherwise. Temporary objects will be persisted only by their identifier and the object needs to be present in the session context during a restore.

Possible values:
  • "ALL": All metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. For catalog tables, this includes the table's identifier, schema, and options. For catalog functions, this includes the function's identifier and class. For catalog data types, this includes the identifier and entire type structure. With this strategy, the catalog's metadata doesn't have to be available anymore during a restore operation.
  • "SCHEMA": In addition to an identifier, schema information about catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. A schema allows for detecting incompatible changes in the catalog during a plan restore operation. However, all other metadata will still be retrieved from the catalog.
  • "IDENTIFIER": Only the identifier of catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. All metadata will be retrieved from the catalog during a restore operation. With this strategy, plans become less verbose.
table.plan.force-recompile

Streaming		 false Boolean When false COMPILE PLAN statement will fail if the output plan file is already existing, unless the clause IF NOT EXISTS is used. When true COMPILE PLAN will overwrite the existing output plan file. We strongly suggest to enable this flag only for debugging purpose.
table.plan.restore.catalog-objects

Batch Streaming		 ALL

Enum

 Strategy how to restore catalog objects such as tables, functions, or data types using a given plan and performing catalog lookups if necessary. It influences the need for catalog metadata to bepresent and enables partial enrichment of plan information.

Possible values:
  • "ALL": Reads all metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types that has been persisted in the plan. The strategy performs a catalog lookup by identifier to fill in missing information or enrich mutable options. If the original object is not available in the catalog anymore, pipelines can still be restored if all information necessary is contained in the plan.
  • "ALL_ENFORCED": Requires that all metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types has been persisted in the plan. The strategy will neither perform a catalog lookup by identifier nor enrich mutable options with catalog information. A restore will fail if not all information necessary is contained in the plan.
  • "IDENTIFIER": Uses only the identifier of catalog tables, functions, or data types and always performs a catalog lookup. A restore will fail if the original object is not available in the catalog anymore. Additional metadata that might be contained in the plan will be ignored.
table.resources.download-dir

Batch Streaming		 System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir") String Local directory that is used by planner for storing downloaded resources.
table.sql-dialect

Batch Streaming		 "default" String The SQL dialect defines how to parse a SQL query. A different SQL dialect may support different SQL grammar. Currently supported dialects are: default and hive

SQL Client 配置 #

以下配置可以用于调整 sql client 的行为。

Key Default Type Description
sql-client.display.max-column-width

Streaming		 30 Integer When printing the query results, this parameter determines the number of characters shown on screen before truncating.This only applies to columns with variable-length types (e.g. STRING) in streaming mode.Fixed-length types and all types in batch mode are printed using a deterministic column width
sql-client.execution.max-table-result.rows

Batch Streaming		 1000000 Integer The number of rows to cache when in the table mode. If the number of rows exceeds the specified value, it retries the row in the FIFO style.
sql-client.execution.result-mode

Batch Streaming		 TABLE

Enum

 Determines how the query result should be displayed.

Possible values:
  • "TABLE": Materializes results in memory and visualizes them in a regular, paginated table representation.
  • "CHANGELOG": Visualizes the result stream that is produced by a continuous query.
  • "TABLEAU": Display results in the screen directly in a tableau format.
sql-client.verbose

Batch Streaming		 false Boolean Determine whether to output the verbose output to the console. If set the option true, it will print the exception stack. Otherwise, it only output the cause.